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Ini periode awal pembentukan Surabaya, karena menurut berbagai literatur, salah satunya hipotesis Von Faber, Surabaya sudah berdiri tahun 1275 M oleh Raja Kertanegara. Pendirian kota ini, dimaksudkan sebagai tempat pemukiman baru bagi prajuritnya yang berhasil menumpas pemberontakan. Di Awal berdirinya, Surabaya bernama Ujung Galuh. Setelah pasukan Raden Wijaya berhasil menghancurkan dan mengusit pasukan Tar-tar dari kaisar Mongolia, pada 31 Mei 1293 maka ditetapkanlah sebagai hari berdirinya Ujung Galuh. Yang dalam prasasti Trowulan I, 1358 M bernama Churabhaya (Surabaya) wilayahnya masih berupa desa ditepian sungai Brantas (salah satu tempat penyeberangan penting sepanjang sungai Brantas) Lepas dari Majapahit, dari tahun 1483-1542 Surabaya menjadi bagian dari wilayah kerajaan Demak. Namun sesudahnya, kurang lebih 30 tahun Surabaya ada di bawah kekuasaan Madura. berlanjut antara 1570 sampai 1587 Surabaya ada di bawah penguasaan dinasti Pajang.

Śāstra is Sanskrit for rules in a general sense. The word is generally used as a suffix in the context of technical or specialized knowledge in a defined area of practice; e.g. Bhautika Shastra (physics), Rasayana Shastra (chemistry), Jeeva Shastra (biology), Vastu Shastra (architectural science), Shilpa Shastra (science of sculpture), Artha Shastra (economics), and Neeti Shastra (political science). In essence, the shaastra is the knowledge which is based on principles that are held to be timeless. Shastra means suffix 'logy' for the subjects; like in English language suffix word 'logy' (e.g. ecology, psychology etc.), 'Shastra' is suffix. it means scientific and basic knowledge on particular subject. Shastra is also a by-word used when referring to a scripture. Extending this meaning, the shastra is commonly used to mean a treatise or text written in explanation of some idea, especially in matters involving religion. In Buddhism, a shastra is often a commentary written at a later date to explain an earlier scripture or sutra. For example, Dr. Yutang Lin says that a text written by him and not given by Buddha, cannot be called a "Sutra"; it is called a "Sastra". In Buddhism, Buddhists are allowed to offer their theses as long as they are consistent with the Sutras, and those are called "Sastras."[1][dead link] In Hinduism sutra denotes a distinct type of literary composition, based on short aphoristic statements, generally using various technical terms. Sutra (literally "binding thread") is a Sanskrit term referring to an aphorism or group of aphorisms. It was originally applied to Hindu philosophy, and later to Buddhist canon scripture. Some scholars consider that the Buddhist use of sūtra is a mis-Sanskritization of Prakrit or Pali sutta, and that the latter represented Sanskrit sūkta, "well spoken", "good news" (as the Buddha himself refers to his speech in his first sermon; compare the original meaning of Gospel), which would also resolve as sutta in Pali.

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